Abstract. The role of any macroeconomic policy, regardless of the economic school of thought which they are based, is to create a stable economic environment and to ensure sustainable growth in the long term. This involves the prevention of economic and financial crisis, which actually means to correct any major imbalances before they produce their destructive effects in the economy. This article is intended to be a critical analysis of fiscal and monetary policies, based on the main schools of thought, in terms of their effectiveness in preventing crises.

Keywords: macroeconomic theories; economic model; economic crisis; anti-crisis strategies.