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Theoretical and Applied Economics
No. 3 / 2026 (648), Autumn

The aggregate banking-sector footprint of financial education mandates: cohort exposure, community bank margins, and an arithmetic of detection

Dan-Mihai DIMA
Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania

Abstract. We measure the community-bank footprint of state financial education mandates using staggered adoption across seven US states (2005–2019). The treatment is a continuous Cohort Exposure Index (CEI) capturing the mandate-exposed share of the working-age population. In a panel of 81,549 community bank-year observations, CEI is positively associated with net interest margin; the gradient is concentrated in banks with higher consumer loan share and is accompanied by elevated consumer-loan charge-offs. An arithmetic decomposition bounds the channel’s expected per-bank magnitude; our estimates fall inside this band, consistent with the bank-balance-sheet channel operating at the scale the underlying cohort mechanism allows.

Keywords: financial literacy, financial education mandates, net interest margin, community banks, staggered difference-in-differences.

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The Economicity. The Epistemic Landscape, Marin Dinu, 2016

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