Abstract. The demographic risks have a major impact on our lives, since the acceleration of population ageing and the decline in the fertility rate represent major challenges, which may significantly affect economic developments and fiscal outcomes. In this context, the policymakers should take into account all demographic challenges when adopting new economic policies and setting relevant priorities. To support the need to increase the focus of economic policies on demographic issues, this paper aims to explore the developments and outlooks for the demographic indicators, as well as their linkage to the economic dimension in European Union (including in Romania).

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